Silic – Silicon

Useful species for crops: Silicon uptake in SiO₃^2-ionic form, nutrient content calculated as% SiO₂

1. Application of Silicon for Soil and Crop:

– Plants including young plants also get silicon in the soil. When demand is low, the amount of SiO2 available in the soil may be sufficient to meet demand, but when demand is high, there is a lack of Si.

– All plants contain silicon. Especially the herb.

The silage of rice plants at 8.6 kg / ha is 890 kg SiO₂ / ha. In the rice husk, the silicon content is 235 kg SiO₂ / ha, the highest of the three times potassium factor is the factor second highest.

The physiological role of silicon has not been studied much. It has been suggested that silicon has no particular role beyond hardening of the supporting tissue. People planted trees in siliceous solution and found that the tree was still growing normally.

Comments from the International Rice Research Institute show that silicon has the following effects on rice:

– Silica helps the leaves grow up straight, enabling the plant to better absorb light, increase photosynthesis, increase nitrogen fertilization effect. The synergistic effect of silicon with phosphorus helps the plant to better absorb nutrients, and the fast growing plant dilutes the iron and aluminum concentrations in the plant thereby increasing the resistance of the plant to alum.

– Silicon (SiO₂) will provide favorable chlorophyll, enhance photosynthesis, increase phosphorus and nitrogen efficiency, and increase yield.

– Silicon uptake helps prevent the invasion of bacteria and pathogenic fungi. If the rice has high silage, stem borer, leaf rollers are also difficult to penetrate.

Experiment on the effect of silicon on rice: Silicon has the potential to help rice fight many pathogens, insect damage and increase drought tolerance of rice.

– Makes foliage help to make plants look good.

– Makes the plant resistant to falling.

– Reduces dehydration and drought tolerance.

– Increases the oxidative capacity of rice roots to reduce the harmful effects of excessive iron and manganese.

Other effects are noted and in many plants are:

– Need for chlorophyll formation, essential for photosynthesis.

– Increasing the efficiency of using phosphate and efficiency of using nitrogen fertilizer.

– Make cigarettes more flammable and increase the quality of cigarettes.

Thus, silicon has major effects on resistance: lack of light, water shortage, high temperature and pests.

It is because of this tolerance that silicon is more and more noticeable as production goes into the direction of intensive farming, removing the basic difficulties with the use of new varieties: the same for high yield and quality. have weak resistance.

The effect of silage application on crop is not much but the initial results showed that for some plants such as tobacco, cucumber, corn and rice, especially hilly rice, wheat, and increase productivity. Rice grown on degenerate soils and hill paddy should be noted for siliceous application. On hill land, silage is less digestible than paddy land, rice is often more susceptible to rice blast than rice. Applying silicon can reduce the disease.

Because of the high amount of silicon in the soil, the silage content of the soil is not good for determining the need for fertilizer. The amount of silicon in the plant may be more appropriate. According to Yoshida, when the amount of silicon in rice is <5%, the rice is deficient in silicon and if SiO₂ <11% silage is effective.

2. Fertilizers provide silage to plants and soil.

1. Feeds melting

Fused phosphate (Van Dien, Ninh Binh) contains 24 – 32% SiO₂.

So 60 kg / ha P₂O₅ (360 kg dung) can supply 86 – 115 kg SiO₂ for rice, enough to meet the demand for silicon.

Liquid glass Na₂SiO₃

Chemical formula: Na₂SiO₃, mNa₂O. nSiO₂.

Content: Sodium silicate (Na₂SiO₃): 40 – 41%; SiO₂ content: 25 – 27%

Water (H₂O): 59 – 60%

Molecular weight: 284.22.

Appearance: Liquid, clear, colorless or yellowish green. There is alkaline reaction.

Has a very large viscosity as glue.

3. Sodium Silicate Pentahydrate

                                                          SiO₃Na₂.5H₂O (Sodium MetaSilicate Pentahydrate Graular)

Content: SiO₂: 28.5 ± 1.0%; Na₂O: 28.5 ± 1.0%; H₂O: 45.5 ± 1.0%; Fe: 100ppm max

4. Calcium silico phosphate

Chemical formula: CaO₃.P₂O₅.SiO₂ (calcium silicophosphate)

Content

P₂O₅: 63 – 64%

CaO: 21 – 26%

SiO₂: 10-11%

5. Blast furnace slag (waste from the iron and steel industry)

                                                    CaO: 35 – 45%; SiO₂: 30 – 40%; Al₂O₃: 10 – 20%; MgO: 2 – 20%

6. Secpentine ores: MgO: 18 – 25%; SiO₂: 40 – 48%

                                                                       2Mg.2SiO₃.2H₂O hay Mg₃H₄₂O₉