Nitrogen (Nts) – Nitrogen

Introduction to protein nutrition (N) for plants

Protein nutrition and nitrogen fixation in nature

Protein Nutrition is the generic name for inorganic fertilizers that provide N (N) for plants

– Nitrogen nutrients are evaluated as% Nitrogen

– Most plants are not able to assimilate nitrogenous elements under the N2 form, but mainly in the form of nitrate salts.

– Nitrogen fertilizers provide nitrogen for plants as NO3 and NH4+ ammonium.

Conversion of N2 to NH3

+ Chemical path

N2 + 3H2 = 2 NH3

+ Condition: Temperature: 2000oC – pressure 200 atm

                                                                                     Cycle of protein

                                                                                     Lightning bolt (Thunder)

The plant only absorbs about 40% of the protein content of the fertilizer, the rest is washed away and evaporated.

Function of the N (N) crops

– An important component of organic chlorophyll, phthalate, nucleic acid, protein.

– Increase the growth and development of living tissue.

– Improve the quality of leafy vegetables, fodder for cattle feed and protein.

Symptoms of deficiency or excessive nitrogen in plants

Nitrogen deficiency: Leaf growth is poor, young leaves are fragile, leaves are less susceptible to fallout, less root growth, appear light blue to light yellow on the old leaves, starting from the tip of the leaves. When the number of flowers is reduced, the yield is low and the protein content is low.

                                                                     Malnutrition symptoms on lemon leaves

                                                               Symptoms of protein deficiency in coffee

If toxicity: Plants thrive, inhibit the flowering, leafy foliage, thin leaves, weak trees easily fall, susceptible to pests and diseases.

                                                                            Rice is spilled due to excess nitrogen

Scale of protein content in soil

– Total protein (N%): Total organic and inorganic nitrogen in the soil

Kjeldahl analysis method

+ Poor land: <0.1%

+ Medium: 0.1 – 0.15%

+ Fair: 0.15 – 0.2%

+ Rich:> 0.2%

– Easy-digestible protein: inorganic nitrogen (NO3, NH4+)

Protein hydrolysis (NH4+), unit of calculation mg / 100gr

Chiurin-Kononova analysis method

+ Poor land: <4 mg / 100gr

+ Middle: 4 – 8

+ Rich:> 8

Fertilizers containing N (N)

Urea (UREA)

– Urea has 44 – 48% N pure (46% N normal)

– This fertilizer accounts for 59% of the total nitrogen fertilizers produced in countries around the world.

– Urea is the highest N fertilizer.

                                                                          Fertilized Urea (Urea) and Urea

– White crystals, round seeds, soluble in water, have the disadvantage is strong moisture absorption.

– There are two types of tablets: some kind of opaque.

– Protein shell with added moisture, so it is easy to maintain, easy to transport should be used in agricultural production.

– Urea fertilizer has wide adaptability and is capable of working on many different soil types (due to not changing the acidity of the soil) and for different crops. This fertilizing fertilizer is suitable on acid sulfate soil.

– Urea fertilizer is used to top up. It can be diluted at 0.5 – 1.5% to spray on leaves.

– This fertilizer needs to be stored carefully in a polyethylene bag and not exposed to the sun. Because when exposed to air and sunshine Urea is easy to decompose and evaporate. Urea bags should be used up in a short period of time.

– During production, Urea often associates the elements together to form the office. It is toxic to plants. Therefore, Urea should not exceed 1.2% of the office space for shallow plants, 5% for wet rice.

Ammonium fertilizer

They are ammonium salts: NH4Cl (25% nitrogen), (NH4)2SO4 (21% nitrogen), NH4NO3 (35% nitrogen)

– When dissolved in ammonium salts hydrolyzed to create an acidic environment, it is only appropriate to apply this fertilizer to less soils, or soil that has been pre-acidified with lime (CaO).

+ Ammonium chloride – NH4Cl

This fertilizer contains 24 – 25% pure N.

                                            Protein Ammonium Chloride Powder and Ammonium Chloride Fertilizer

– Chloride chloride is a fine crystal, white or yellowish.

– Is a kind of sour biological. Therefore, it should be applied in combination with phosphorus and other fertilizers.

– Chloride fertilizer should not be used for tobacco, tea, potatoes, onions, garlic, cabbage, sesame, etc.

– In dry areas, saline soils should not be fertilized with chloride, as in these areas the soil can accumulate more chlorine, making the plants poisonous.

– Vietnam does not have factories processing ammonium chloride, mainly products imported from China.

+ Ammonium sulphate – (NH4)2SO4 (Protein SA)

                                                              White SA and SA (NH4)2SO4 / Ammonium sulphate

– Also called SA fertilizer. Protein sulfate contains 20 – 21% pure N. There are also 23 – 24% sulfur in the fertilizer (S). In the world, this fertilizer accounts for 8% of the total amount of chemical fertilizer produced annually.

– Sulfate is a good fertilizer because both N and sulfur are the two essential nutrients for plants.

– It is possible to fertilize all crops, on many different soil types, as long as the soil is free from acidity, sour. If sour soil requires more lime, new phosphate can use Ammonium Sulfate. This fertilizer is good for crops on hilly land, on soil of poor quality (lack of S).

– Fertilizer Sulfate is used to fertilize plants that need more S and less N, such as beans, peanuts etc .. and the fins need more S just need more N as corn.

– It is important to note that Sulfate is a fast-acting fertilizer, which has a very rapid effect on plants, so it is often used for top dressing and fertilizer application to avoid loss of nitrogen.

– When fertilizing the seedlings, it should be noted that this fertilizer is easily burned.

– Do not use sulfate fertilizer for fertilizer on acid soil, because the fertilizer easier to sour soil.

– Vietnam does not have SA plant, mainly products imported from China.

Nitrogenous nitrogen
Including nitrate salts such as NaNO3, Ca (NO3)2

                                                                         Samples of sodium nitrite (NaNO3)

These salts are prepared from the corresponding nitric acid and metal carbonate.

– The actual% N ratio is low. Nitrate fertilizers are usually suitable for sour and salty soils.

                                                                               Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3)

– Ammonium nitrate fertilizer contains 33-35% pure N. In countries around the world, this fertilizer accounts for 11% of the total nitrogen production annually.

– Is a kind of sour biological.

– However, this is a precious fertilizer because it contains both NH4+ and NO3, which can be applied to many crops on many different soil types.

– This fertilizer is used to make a nutrient solution to irrigate plants in the greenhouse and irrigate for a variety of vegetables and fruits.

– Vietnam does not have Nitorat Nitrite Plant, Nitrateat Nitrate is raw material for the production of explosives (explosives) so the import of Nitorat products is very limited and strictly managed.

 

 

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